![]() ![]() ![]() In short, the traditional or one-dimensional accounts, models, and explanations of crime and/or punishment that have tended to divide human beings and society into biological, cultural, psychological, or sociological entities, at best, are partially correct. In today's postmodern and multicultural worlds of criminology and criminal justice characterized by post-structuralism, post-Marxism, post-affirmative action, and post-feminism, criminologists from a variety of schools of thought, including but not limited to critical, constitutive, positivist, and integrative, have come to appreciate, in different and in related ways, the numerous limitations of simple or "non-integrative" theories. Not only has the study of crime and punishment broadened throughout the behavioral and social sciences, but, increasingly criminologists have adopted perspectives that are no longer grounded in "classical" versus "positivist" views of human nature and social interaction. Over the past couple of decades, theories of crime and punishment have blossomed in their diversity. Home Page Multinational Corporate Crime Crimes of the Powerful & State-Routinized Crime Social Justice Theft of a Nation Slide Show Addressing Wall Street Securities Fraud in the 21st Century WikiLeaks-Will the Public Remember? Mass Media & Crime Review Essay on Race Crime and Justice Terrorism Economic Crisis & State-Corporate Crime Crimes of State CSI or Tech Effect? Supranational Criminology Peacemaking Criminology Theories of Violence Newsmaking Criminology Mediatizing Law and Order Speaking of Class Race and Gender Integrative Criminology Global Criminology Transnational Crime Visionary Criminology Read About My Books Read About My Anthologies Read About My Two Volume Encyclopedia Book Review of Criminology An Integrated Approach Sexual Serial Killer Jack Unterweger Educational Debt Forgiveness Contact What's New: Racketeering and Trump The following unedited or draft essay by Gregg Barak, "Integrative Theories," was published in the Encyclopedia of Crime & Punishment (Sage, 2002): ![]()
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